There is still a lot we do not know about how intuitive cognitions arise and the extent to which they can change over time.

The evidence from studies in cognitive science seems to indicate that intuitive cognitions can change over time, but they are highly resistant to change, and the factors leading to change are not clearly identified. It seems that, over time, individuals who have developed very specialized knowledge can actively suppress their initial gut feelings.

There also seems to be evidence for an internal cognitive “reward” system when operating on intuitive cognitions that lead to positive outcomes within the context of affinity groups. So, if a person is among people they highly respect or whose views are highly valued, intuitive cognitions will tend to conform to views or outcomes that are affirmed by that affinity group.

David Haury is a professor of science education at The Ohio State University.